Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It operates across diverse business segments including petroleum refining and marketing, petrochemicals, oil and gas exploration and production, retail, digital services, telecommunications, and media. It is one of India's largest companies by market capitalisation and revenue, and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India.
| Name | Reliance Industries Limited |
|---|---|
| Type | Public company |
| Industry | Conglomerate |
| Founder | Dhirubhai Ambani |
| Headquarters | Maker Chambers IV, Nariman Point, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India |
| Chairman and Managing Director | Mukesh Ambani |
| Listings | BSE, NSE |
| Country | India |
The company traces its origins to a textile trading venture established by Dhirubhai Ambani. It was later incorporated as Reliance Textile Industries and subsequently renamed Reliance Industries Limited. From textiles, the company progressively integrated backwards into polyester, petrochemicals, refining, and oil and gas exploration, becoming one of the earliest Indian private sector firms to undertake large-scale vertical integration in the hydrocarbons value chain.
Following Dhirubhai Ambani's death in 2002, the group was eventually divided between his sons. Mukesh Ambani retained control of Reliance Industries Limited and its core petrochemicals, refining and oil and gas businesses, while Anil Ambani took charge of separate businesses spanning telecommunications, financial services, infrastructure and power, organised under the Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group.
RIL operates a major refining and petrochemicals complex at Jamnagar, Gujarat, which is among the largest refining sites in the world. The segment covers crude oil refining, fuel retailing, and the production of polymers, polyester, fibre intermediates, aromatics and elastomers.
The company has interests in domestic exploration blocks, including operations in the Krishna–Godavari basin off the eastern coast of India, where it has produced natural gas in partnership with BP plc.
Reliance Retail Ventures Limited, a subsidiary, operates a large network of stores across India spanning grocery, consumer electronics, fashion and lifestyle, and pharmacy formats. It is among the largest organised retailers in the country.
Through Jio Platforms Limited and its subsidiary Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited, the group offers 4G and 5G mobile telecommunications, broadband and digital services. The launch of Jio in 2016 reshaped the Indian telecommunications market by introducing low-cost data services on a nationwide all-IP network.
The group has interests in news and entertainment broadcasting, digital content and publishing through Network18 Media & Investments and its associated channels and platforms.
Reliance Industries is widely regarded as a defining example of large-scale private enterprise in post-liberalisation India. Its expansion across hydrocarbons, retail and digital services has had a substantial influence on Indian capital markets, consumer sectors, and the country's telecommunications landscape. The company is among the largest private sector employers in India and a major contributor to exports, particularly of refined petroleum products.