Overview
In Hinduism, the tilaka, colloquially known as a tika, is a mark usually adorning the forehead at the point of the ajna chakra, which is regarded in tradition as the third eye or spiritual eye. The mark is sometimes also applied to other parts of the body such as the neck, hand, chest, or arm.
The tika may be applied daily for decorative purposes, as a symbol of religious affiliation, during rites of passage, or on other special spiritual and religious occasions. Its form and the manner of its application often depend on regional custom and sectarian tradition.
Beyond personal devotion, the tika is also used as a gesture of honour and welcome, applied to a guest or visitor upon their arrival. It thus carries social as well as religious significance within Hindu cultural practice.
Tikas come in an assortment of styles and shapes, and are made using various substances. Common materials include ash from a sacrificial fire or cow dung, sandalwood paste, turmeric, clay, charcoal, and red lead. The choice of substance and design is frequently associated with particular traditions, deities, or occasions.