Morigaon is an administrative district of the state of Assam in north-eastern India. The district headquarters is located in the town of Morigaon, from which it takes its name. The district lies on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra in central Assam, and is known for its riverine geography, paddy cultivation, and the Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, which hosts a notable population of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros.
Key facts
| Country | India |
|---|---|
| State | Assam |
| Headquarters | Morigaon |
| Region | Central Assam, southern bank of the Brahmaputra |
| Type | District |
Background
Morigaon was carved out as a separate district from Nagaon district, of which it had earlier formed the western subdivision. The area corresponds to a part of the historical Mayong region, which is associated in Assamese tradition with folklore concerning tantric practices and traditional healing.
Geography
The district is situated in the central Brahmaputra Valley. Its northern boundary is largely defined by the Brahmaputra, while its terrain consists predominantly of alluvial plains interspersed with wetlands (beels) and small hillocks. Seasonal flooding from the Brahmaputra and its tributaries is a recurrent feature affecting agriculture and settlements.
Administration
Morigaon is administered as part of Assam's district structure under a Deputy Commissioner. The district is further divided into revenue circles and development blocks, and contains several legislative assembly constituencies that send members to the Assam Legislative Assembly.
Economy
The economy is predominantly agrarian. Paddy is the principal crop, supplemented by jute, mustard, pulses, and seasonal vegetables. Fisheries linked to the district's wetlands, dairying, and traditional handloom weaving also contribute to rural livelihoods.
Culture and heritage
The district has a mixed population including Assamese-speaking communities, Tiwa (Lalung) people, and other ethnic groups. The Tiwa community observes festivals such as Wansuwa and Borot, while Bihu, observed across Assam, is widely celebrated. Mayong, located within the district, is widely referenced in Assamese cultural narratives.
Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in Morigaon district, is a protected area noted for its high density of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). The sanctuary also supports populations of wild buffalo, leopards, and a variety of resident and migratory birds, making it a significant site for wildlife tourism in Assam.
Related topics
- Assam
- Nagaon district
- Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
- Mayong
- Tiwa people
- Brahmaputra River
- Districts of Assam
References
- Wikidata entity: Q42737
- Government of Assam, official district portal for Morigaon