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Vishnu Sahasranama

Overview

The Vishnu Sahasranama (Sanskrit: विष्णुसहस्रनाम, viṣṇusahasranāma) is a Sanskrit hymn that enumerates one thousand names of Vishnu, one of the principal deities of Hinduism and regarded as the Supreme God in the Vaishnava tradition. It is counted among the most sacred and widely recited stotras in Hindu devotional practice.

The best-known version of the hymn appears in the Anushasana Parva of the epic Mahabharata, where it is recounted in the form of a discourse. The text is recited by devotees as part of daily worship, on auspicious occasions, and during temple liturgy.

Apart from the Mahabharata version, alternative recensions of the Vishnu Sahasranama are preserved in several Puranic sources, including the Padma Purana, the Skanda Purana and the Garuda Purana. Each of these versions presents its own selection and ordering of the thousand names, while sharing the broader devotional purpose of glorifying Vishnu through his many epithets and attributes.

A version of the Vishnu Sahasranama is also found within the Sikh tradition, included in the compilation known as the Sundar Gutka. The hymn has thus circulated across multiple textual traditions in the Indian subcontinent, retaining its character as a litany of names that describe the qualities, forms and cosmic functions associated with Vishnu.

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